No need to nest in else.

src/main/java/org/apache/commons/logging/LogFactory.java

@@ -878,9 +878,8 @@ public abstract class LogFactory {
             //
             // nb: nullClassLoaderFactory might be null. That's ok.
             return nullClassLoaderFactory;
-        } else {
-            return (LogFactory) factories.get(contextClassLoader);
         }
+        return (LogFactory) factories.get(contextClassLoader);
     }
 
     /**
@@ -1239,9 +1238,8 @@ public abstract class LogFactory {
                 public Object run() {
                     if (loader != null) {
                         return loader.getResourceAsStream(name);
-                    } else {
-                        return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
                     }
+                    return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
                 }
             });
     }
@@ -1267,9 +1265,8 @@ public abstract class LogFactory {
                     try {
                         if (loader != null) {
                             return loader.getResources(name);
-                        } else {
-                            return ClassLoader.getSystemResources(name);
                         }
+                        return ClassLoader.getSystemResources(name);
                     } catch (final IOException e) {
                         if (isDiagnosticsEnabled()) {
                             logDiagnostic("Exception while trying to find configuration file " +
@@ -1475,9 +1472,10 @@ public abstract class LogFactory {
 
         if (dest.equals("STDOUT")) {
             return System.out;
-        } else if (dest.equals("STDERR")) {
+        }
+        if (dest.equals("STDERR")) {
             return System.err;
-        } else {
+        }
         try {
             // open the file in append mode
             final FileOutputStream fos = new FileOutputStream(dest, true);
@@ -1487,7 +1485,6 @@ public abstract class LogFactory {
             return null;
         }
     }
-    }
 
     /**
      * Indicates true if the user has enabled internal logging.
@@ -1651,9 +1648,8 @@ public abstract class LogFactory {
     public static String objectId(final Object o) {
         if (o == null) {
             return "null";
-        } else {
-            return o.getClass().getName() + "@" + System.identityHashCode(o);
         }
+        return o.getClass().getName() + "@" + System.identityHashCode(o);
     }
 
     // ----------------------------------------------------------------------

src/main/java/org/apache/commons/logging/impl/LogFactoryImpl.java

@@ -682,12 +682,11 @@ public class LogFactoryImpl extends LogFactory {
                     logDiagnostic("Did not find '" + name + "'.");
                 }
                 return false;
-            } else {
+            }
             if (isDiagnosticsEnabled()) {
                 logDiagnostic("Found '" + name + "'.");
             }
             return true;
-            }
         } catch (final LogConfigurationException e) {
             if (isDiagnosticsEnabled()) {
                 logDiagnostic("Logging system '" + name + "' is available but not useable.");
@@ -1166,7 +1165,11 @@ public class LogFactoryImpl extends LogFactory {
            // In some classloading setups (e.g. JBoss with its
            // UnifiedLoaderRepository) this can still work, so if user hasn't
            // forbidden it, just return the contextClassLoader.
-           if (allowFlawedContext) {
+           if (!allowFlawedContext) {
+            throw new LogConfigurationException("Bad classloader hierarchy; LogFactoryImpl was loaded via" +
+                                                " a classloader that is not related to the current context" +
+                                                " classloader.");
+           }
         if (isDiagnosticsEnabled()) {
                logDiagnostic("[WARNING] the context classloader is not part of a" +
                              " parent-child relationship with the classloader that" +
@@ -1177,12 +1180,6 @@ public class LogFactoryImpl extends LogFactory {
           // contextClassLoader is not null, so we can just return it.
           return contextClassLoader;
         }
-           else {
-            throw new LogConfigurationException("Bad classloader hierarchy; LogFactoryImpl was loaded via" +
-                                                " a classloader that is not related to the current context" +
-                                                " classloader.");
-           }
-        }
 
         if (baseClassLoader != contextClassLoader) {
             // We really should just use the contextClassLoader as the starting
@@ -1190,7 +1187,12 @@ public class LogFactoryImpl extends LogFactory {
             // that there are a number of broken systems out there which create
             // custom classloaders but fail to set the context classloader so
             // we handle those flawed systems anyway.
-            if (allowFlawedContext) {
+            if (!allowFlawedContext) {
+                throw new LogConfigurationException(
+                        "Bad classloader hierarchy; LogFactoryImpl was loaded via" +
+                        " a classloader that is not related to the current context" +
+                        " classloader.");
+            }
             if (isDiagnosticsEnabled()) {
                 logDiagnostic(
                         "Warning: the context classloader is an ancestor of the" +
@@ -1199,12 +1201,6 @@ public class LogFactoryImpl extends LogFactory {
                         " commons-logging should ensure the context classloader" +
                         " is used correctly.");
             }
-            } else {
-                throw new LogConfigurationException(
-                        "Bad classloader hierarchy; LogFactoryImpl was loaded via" +
-                        " a classloader that is not related to the current context" +
-                        " classloader.");
-            }
         }
 
         return baseClassLoader;

src/main/java/org/apache/commons/logging/impl/SimpleLog.java

@@ -633,9 +633,7 @@ public class SimpleLog implements Log, Serializable {
                  * obtain a class loader) will trigger this exception where
                  * we can make a distinction.
                  */
-                if (e.getTargetException() instanceof SecurityException) {
+                if (!(e.getTargetException() instanceof SecurityException)) {
-                    // ignore
-                } else {
                     // Capture 'e.getTargetException()' exception for details
                     // alternate: log 'e.getTargetException()', and pass back 'e'.
                     throw new LogConfigurationException
@@ -664,9 +662,8 @@ public class SimpleLog implements Log, Serializable {
 
                     if (threadCL != null) {
                         return threadCL.getResourceAsStream(name);
-                    } else {
-                        return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
                     }
+                    return ClassLoader.getSystemResourceAsStream(name);
                 }
             });
     }

src/test/java/org/apache/commons/logging/PathableClassLoader.java

@@ -312,14 +312,7 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
 
         if (parentFirst) {
             return super.loadClass(name, resolve);
-        } else {
+        }
-            // Implement child-first.
-            //
-            // It appears that the findClass method doesn't check whether the
-            // class has already been loaded. This seems odd to me, but without
-            // first checking via findLoadedClass we can get java.lang.LinkageError
-            // with message "duplicate class definition" which isn't good.
-
         try {
             Class clazz = findLoadedClass(name);
             if (clazz == null) {
@@ -333,7 +326,6 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
             return super.loadClass(name, resolve);
         }
     }
-    }
 
     /**
      * Same as parent class method except that when parentFirst is false
@@ -344,14 +336,13 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
     public URL getResource(final String name) {
         if (parentFirst) {
             return super.getResource(name);
-        } else {
+        }
         final URL local = super.findResource(name);
         if (local != null) {
             return local;
         }
         return super.getResource(name);
     }
-    }
 
     /**
      * Emulate a proper implementation of getResources which respects the
@@ -364,7 +355,7 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
     public Enumeration getResourcesInOrder(final String name) throws IOException {
         if (parentFirst) {
             return super.getResources(name);
-        } else {
+        }
         final Enumeration localUrls = super.findResources(name);
 
         final ClassLoader parent = getParent();
@@ -388,7 +379,6 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
         localItems.addAll(parentItems);
         return Collections.enumeration(localItems);
     }
-    }
 
     /**
      *
@@ -418,7 +408,7 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
     public InputStream getResourceAsStream(final String name) {
         if (parentFirst) {
             return super.getResourceAsStream(name);
-        } else {
+        }
         final URL local = super.findResource(name);
         if (local != null) {
             try {
@@ -431,5 +421,4 @@ public class PathableClassLoader extends URLClassLoader {
         }
         return super.getResourceAsStream(name);
     }
-    }
 }

src/test/java/org/apache/commons/logging/impl/WeakHashtableTestCase.java

@@ -251,12 +251,11 @@ public class WeakHashtableTestCase extends TestCase {
             if(weakHashtable.get(new Long(1)) == null) {
                 break;
 
-            } else {
+            }
             // create garbage:
             final byte[] b =  new byte[bytz];
             bytz = bytz * 2;
         }
-        }
 
         // some JVMs seem to take a little time to put references on
         // the reference queue once the reference has been collected

src/test/java/org/apache/commons/logging/security/MockSecurityManager.java

@@ -116,7 +116,8 @@ public class MockSecurityManager extends SecurityManager {
                 // the call stack.
                 System.out.println("Access controller found: returning");
                 return;
-            } else if (cname.startsWith("java.")
+            }
+            if (cname.startsWith("java.")
                 || cname.startsWith("javax.")
                 || cname.startsWith("junit.")
                 || cname.startsWith("org.apache.tools.ant.")
@@ -133,13 +134,12 @@ public class MockSecurityManager extends SecurityManager {
                 System.out.println("Untrusted code [testcase] found");
                 throw new SecurityException("Untrusted code [testcase] found");
             } else if (cname.startsWith("org.apache.commons.logging.")) {
-                if (permissions.implies(p)) {
+                if (!permissions.implies(p)) {
-                    // Code here is trusted if the caller is trusted
-                    System.out.println("Permission in allowed set for JCL class");
-                } else {
                     System.out.println("Permission refused:" + p.getClass() + ":" + p);
                     throw new SecurityException("Permission refused:" + p.getClass() + ":" + p);
                 }
+                // Code here is trusted if the caller is trusted
+                System.out.println("Permission in allowed set for JCL class");
             } else {
                 // we found some code that is not trusted to perform this operation.
                 System.out.println("Unexpected code: permission refused:" + p.getClass() + ":" + p);